Artificial intelligence is part of computer science and is studying and designing intelligent agents who understand the environment and take action.
John McCarthy who founded the idea in 1956 defines artificial intelligence as “the science and engineering to achieve intelligent machines.

The challenge is to achieve an intelligent machine, like a Homo Sapiens. This raises philosophical issues about the nature of mind and scientific limitations, issues submitted by fiction and philosophy since ancient times.
Artificial intelligence is treated by many with skepticism, claiming that they will not allow an intelligent robot, like a man.

Ability of an intelligent robot

An intelligent robot will be able to deduct, to rationalize and solve problems encountered. You will need to develop a mechanism like the human brain to represent knowledge. Such a robot will be able to plan, to learn, to process natural language, to represent and call the knowledge already gained. You have to “take” creative intelligence, to create new concepts and ideas and last but not least, to have self-consciousness.
And as cognitive mind is not enough, we have another challenge: designing emotional psyche. Such a robot may have feelings, basically … he will live in his own way.

Plan.

Ability to plan is essential. This will help the robot to aim at some goals and then to try to meet. The robot will be able to visualize the future and take actions that improve the way of achieving that goal. This will require predictions on how his actions will change the future.
In matters of planning, the robot will have to periodically reverify if his predictions have come true and where appropriate, to take new decisions. Joint planning is another matter and involves many robots.

Deduction

Robots must be able to plan events. There have written algorithms to make puzzles to play games or logical deduction. The logic is not too difficult to transpose into a programming language. There has been metote that software had to deal with uncertain or incomplete information, as necessary inference.
But the difficult problems these algorithms require enormous resources, time and memory needed to solve them have become astronomical figures. And here, we need efficient methods.

Knowledge representation

Knowledge representation is another central topic in artificial intelligence research.
Here we izbim of a problem. The robot must represent objects, properties, categories and relationships between objects, situations, events, etc.. Knowing the surrounding world becomes a problem.
Although the base of a single neuron mechanisms are known and are quite similar to logic gates in a computer system, no difference in the storage of information. As a structure, computer memory is not relational. We need to create a program that do it to be so.

Learning

The robot must be able to learn. Learning is an essential process in the evolution and development of intelligence. In the human brain from external information are stored about each other already. Note that an idea that contains elements already known can save more easily than other containing new unknown things before. To save more easily be an idea to a tie – mentally – from one another, with roots firmly fixed, with elements already known.
Learning involves not only storing raw information but also the awareness and understanding them. Otherwise, this information will not be of any assistance.

Natural Language Processing

This gives machines the ability to read and understand human language. It is extremely necessary for the establishment of communication with people. In this area have made progress but are far from perfection.

Movement and manipulation of objects

The robot must be able to manipulate objects around him. He must seek, locate objects, to create maps of the environment and plan its movements in space.

Perception

Perception is the ability of robots to use the information coming from sensors (cameras, microphones, sonar and other devices) to infer aspects of the surrounding world. There are however major problems in recognizing objects, the human voice and their girls.
Why not managed to build a robot smart now?

Until today there were no notable progress relizat Artificial Intelligence. Not necessarily because the technology to make such a robot, and especially because of our lack of understanding in how our brain works. Although many mechanisms are known, remain and several perspectives.
This text is auto translated using Google Translator